How Introduction of E-Commerce Changed the Business World Research Paper

How Introduction of E-Commerce Changed the Business World - Research Paper Example The making of a client driven site is an overwhelming undertaking for business associations. The fundamental test is realizing the data required by the client and introducing them in an easy to understand way. The commercialization of the web started with the National Science Foundation's (NSF) expulsion of web get to limitations for business purposes. It ought to be noticed that before 1991, use of the web turned out to be solely restricted to scholastics and scientists. Nonetheless, the lifting of the limitation end up being a significant impetus as business visionaries discovered that web get to business is industrially doable. Another factor which added to the commercialization of the web is the program wars started by the starting of the Netscape. This was additionally filled by the passage of a large group of firms into business adventures using trend setting innovations which utilize the TCP/IP gauges (Greenstein 1). This paper will take a gander at various ideas and issues in online business. The following segment will be trailed by a concise history of HTML and examination among XML and HTML. This report will likewise examine the difficulties of making a client driven site, test the touchpoint consistency of McDonald's, and investigate two popular kinds of internet advertising. HyperText Markup Language's (HTML) history can be respected to have had a life expectancy of seven years, beginning from its presentation as a basic language in the with just few labels to the as of late progressively complex structures which empowers different activitys, pictures, sounds, and other astonishing stunts. The beginning of the HTML is frequently connected with the innovator of the web Tim Berners-Lee who made the web utilizing HTML as the distributing language (Raggett 22). As the fundamental maker of the HTML, he was the first to utilize this advancement and an incredible factor in the support of others to expand upon his thought and work on growing further programming for showing HTML and setting up HTML records for get to. Along with Dave Raggett, Tim additionally dealt with building up the HTML for mass utilization, distinguishing and making the highlights which are favored by clients.

Eve Teasing Free Essays

Eve prodding Eve prodding is a code word utilized in India and once in a while Pakistan, Bangladesh and Nepal for open inappropriate behavior or attack of ladies by men, with utilization of the word â€Å"Eve† being a reference to the scriptural Eve, the primary lady. It infers that the lady is somehow or another liable for the conduct of the culprits of this demonstration. Considered an issue identified with misconduct in youth, it is a type of sexual hostility that ranges in seriousness from explicitly interesting comments, brushing in broad daylight places and heckles to inside and out grabbing. We will compose a custom exposition test on Eve Teasing or then again any comparative subject just for you Request Now Now and again it is alluded to with a shy recommendation of blameless fun, causing it to seem harmless with no subsequent risk with respect to the culprit. Some willful associations have recommended that the articulation be supplanted by a progressively suitable term. As indicated by them, thinking about the semantic underlying foundations of the term in Indian English, Eve prodding alludes to the seductress idea of Eve, putting duty on the lady as a bother. Lewd behavior by outsiders, similarly as with a badgering, has been a famously troublesome wrongdoing to demonstrate, as culprits frequently devise quick approaches to pester ladies, despite the fact that eve prodding ordinarily happens out in the open spots, boulevards, and open vehicle. Some women's activist essayists guarantee that this conduct is a sort of â€Å"little rape†. A few manuals to the locale caution female sightseers to abstain from drawing in the consideration of these sorts of men by wearing moderate attire. Be that as it may, this badgering is accounted for both by Indian ladies and by moderately dressed outside ladies. Substance History The difficult originally got open and media consideration in 1960s. In the next decades, an ever increasing number of ladies began seeking after school and working autonomously, implying that they were regularly not, at this point joined by a male escort as had been a standard in conventional society. Accordingly, the issue developed to disturbing extents, notwithstanding this not being the situation in different societies where ladies proceed to come however they see fit. Before long the Indian government needed to take medicinal measures, both legal and law authorization, to control the training and endeavors were made to sharpen the police about the issue, and police fired gathering together eve secrets. The organization of disguised female cops for the reason has been especially compelling, different measures seen in different states were setting up of Women’s Helpline in different urban areas, Women Police stations, and uncommon cells by the police. Additionally observed during this period was a checked ascent in number ladies approaching to report instances of lewd behavior because of changing general feeling against this training. What's more, the seriousness of these rates developed also, at times prompting corrosive tossing, which thusly prompted states like Tamil Nadu making it a non bailable offense. The quantity of women’s association and those working for women’s rights likewise observed an ascent, particularly as this period additionally observed an ascent in reports of lady of the hour consuming. The expansion in savage episodes towards ladies implied beforehand languid perspectives towards women’s rights must be amended and upheld by law. In the coming years, such associations assumed a key job in campaigning for the death of enactment intended to shield ladies from forceful conduct from outsiders, including ‘The Delhi Prohibition of Eve-prodding Bill 1984’. The demise of a female understudy, Sarika Shah, in Chennai in 1998, carried some intense laws to counter the issue in South India. After this case, there has been about six reports of self destruction that have been credited to pressures brought about by this conduct. In February 2009, female understudies from M. S. College (MSU) Vadodara ambushed four youngsters close to the family and network sciences workforce, after they passed lustful remarks on a young lady understudy remaining in SD Hall inn. Numerous different cases go unreported inspired by a paranoid fear of backlashes and presentation to open disgrace. Sometimes police let the guilty parties go, after open mortification through the murga discipline. In 2008, a Delhi court requested a multi year old youth, after he was found offering licentious comments to passing females, to convey 500 handbills, specifying the outcomes of revolting behavior, to adolescents outside schools and universities. Portrayal in mainstream society Some delineations in Indian film shows gentle prodding as a piece of coquettish beginnings of a romance, alongside the typical backup of routine schedules, which constantly brings about the courageous woman submitting to the hero’s progresses towards the finish of the tune, and youngsters will in general copy he model, portrayed so perfectly on screen and which offered ascend to the Roadside Romeo which even made it a film form in Roadside Romeo (2007) (Starring Saif Ali Khan). It likewise has been prevalently portrayed that when a young lady is prodded along these lines, the saint will come and beat the person up, for example, in the Telugu films Madhumasam and Magadheera and furthermore the Hindi film Wanted. These days, this issue is likewise included in Indian TV cleansers. Legitimate review In spite of the fact that Indian law doesn’t utilize the term ‘Eve Teasing’, casualties as a rule look for response through Section 298 (An) and (B) of the Indian Penal Code (IPC), which sentences a man saw as liable of making a young lady or lady the objective of vulgar signals, comments, melodies or recitation to a most extreme prison sentence of a quarter of a year. Segment 292 of the IPC plainly explains that indicating explicit or vulgar pictures, books or slips to a lady or young lady draws a fine of Rs. 2000 with two years of detainment of either depiction for first wrongdoers. On account of a rehashed offense, the wrongdoer may have a fine of Rs. 000 with five years detainment forced. Under Section 509 of the IPC, vulgar signals, profane non-verbal communication and acidic remarks coordinated at any lady or young lady or displays any such item or barges in on the security of lady conveys a punishment of basic detainment for one year or a fine or both. The ‘National Commission for Women’ (NCW) additionally proposed No 9. Eve Teasing (New Legislation) 1988. The Indian Parliament is as of now considering The Protection of Women against Sexual Harassment at Workplace Bill, 2010, which would include assurances for female laborers in many working environments. It was passed by the Lok Sabha (the lower place of the Indian Parliament) on 3 September 2012. As of September 2012, it has not been passed by the Rajya Sabha (the upper place of the Indian Parliament). Open reaction The Blank Noise Project’s intercession on Majestic transport remain, against Eve Teasing. ‘Fearless Karnataka’ or ‘Nirbhaya Karnataka’ is an alliance of numerous people and gatherings including ‘Alternative Law Forum’, ‘Blank Noise’, ‘Maraa’, ‘Samvada’ and ‘Vimochana’. After ascent of eve prodding cases in 2000s, it sorted out a few open mindfulness battles, including ‘Take Back the Night’, trailed by another open craftsmanship venture titled, The Blank Noise Project, beginning in Bangalore in 2003. A comparable program to battle eve-prodding was likewise facilitated in Mumbai in 2008. In Delhi, one of India’s most perilous urban areas for ladies, the Department of Women and Child Development built up a controlling board in 2009 to set up the city for the Commonwealth Games to be held in 2010. In Mumbai, Ladies Special trains have been acquainted with permit ladies working and concentrating in the city to go without the dread of being explicitly irritated, for the length of the excursion at any rate. Given that the quantity of ladies expecting to travel has multiplied since 1995, there is an exceptionally solid interest for these sorts of administrations. Today â€Å"Ladies Special† Compartments are available in every nearby train of the huge urban communities. In different trains, women are encouraged to go in AC Coaches as these future liberated from the monetarily poor and socially in reverse men. The most effective method to refer to Eve Teasing, Essay models

How Narcissistic Personality Links With BPD

How Narcissistic Personality Links With BPD BPD Related Conditions Print Narcissistic Personality Disorder and Borderline Personality By Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD, is a clinical psychologist and associate professor of psychology at Eastern Connecticut State University. Learn about our editorial policy Kristalyn Salters-Pedneault, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on September 12, 2019 Westend61/Getty More in BPD Related Conditions Diagnosis Treatment Living With BPD Narcissistic personality disorder (or NPD) is a personality disorder that frequently co-occurs with borderline personality disorder (BPD). The addition of NPD into the diagnostic picture may complicate the treatment and course of BPD. 1:24 How to Identify a Malignant Narcissist What Is Narcissistic Personality Disorder? NPD is one of 10 personality disorders recognized in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). NPD is one of the Cluster B, or dramatic/erratic, personality disorders. Narcissistic personality disorder is characterized by the presence of five (or more) of the following symptoms:?? Has an inflated sense of self-importanceIs preoccupied with fantasies of success, power, brilliance, beauty, or ideal loveBelieves that he or she is “special” and can only be understood by other special or high-status peopleRequires excessive admirationPossesses a sense of entitlementTakes advantage of othersLacks empathyIs often envious of others or believes others are envious of him or herBehaves in an arrogant, egotistical, or haughty way In short, people with NPD might be described as being very self-absorbed or egotistical. This self-absorption rises to the level of a clinical disorder because it significantly interferes with relationships, occupation, or other important domains in life. Many experts believe that this egotistical style is actually the NPD individuals attempt to deal with an underlying poor sense of self-worth.?? How Often Do NPD and BPD Co-Occur? While the overlap between NPD and BPD are discussed quite often in the popular psychology literature and online, very few careful studies of the co-occurrence of NPD and BPD have been conducted. One such study found that only about 16% of patients with BPD also meet the diagnostic criteria for NPD. However, another study that drew from a community (rather than a treatment-seeking) sample found that almost 39% of people with BPD also have NPD.?? How Does Narcissistic Personality Disorder Affect BPD? There are a number of theoretical reasons to believe that someone with both NPD and BPD would be less likely to get better over time. People with NPD have been described as very resistant to treatment; people with NPD often have poor insight into the ways that their behaviors are detrimental to themselves or others. Also, people with NPD may in fact cause more emotional pain to others than they cause themselves. So, their motivation to change their behavior may be very low. Research does suggest that people with both NPD and BPD are less likely to have their BPD symptoms get better over time. One study that followed BPD patients over six years found that rates of co-occurring NPD were fairly low (about 6%) in patients whose BPD eventually went away (remitted). However, rates of co-occurring NPD were higher (around 19%) in patients whose BPD did not remit after six years.?? So, there is a subset of individuals with non-remitting BPD and higher rates of NPD. Relationships and People with NPD and BPD The relationships of individuals with BPD are often quite dysfunctional. However, adding NPD into the mix can create even more disordered conditions. In addition to the chaotic emotional life and fears of abandonment associated with BPD, a person with co-occurring NPD may also take advantage of or manipulate others while having little empathy for others concerns. This combination can be incredibly destructive in relationships. Treatment for Narcissistic Personality Disorder and BPD There are currently no empirically supported treatments for NPD and no published clinical trials of treatments for NPD alone or co-occurring with BPD. Published research on the treatment of NPD is limited to some case studies or anecdotal accounts, but these types of studies tend to be unreliable and subject to bias. The case study literature on the treatment of NPD has primarily centered around the use of modified psychoanalytic techniques and has recognized the challenges of successfully treating this disorder. The clinical literature, in general, tends to regard NPD as a largely untreatable condition, particularly in its most severe forms. Some people believe that because there is some overlap between NPD and BPD symptoms (such as impulsivity and destructive behaviors) treatments designed for BPD like Dialectical Behavior Therapy  may also work with NPD. However, this remains to be seen; more research on the topic is sorely needed.

Simsoc Reflection - 608 Words

SIMSOC Reflection The SIMSOC program allowed our class to create not only small individual societies, but also one large society together in which every decision had an outcome that must be addressed in order to thrive. Such dynamics of a real society were put in place to ultimately show us how various social situations can have power us. Specific situations were set up before hand without us knowing and we unconsciously and impulsively conformed to certain roles and conditions. I personally started out unemployed and broke with nothing, however I was in the yellow group and we had multiple heads of organizations, which helped us as a group substantially in almost every aspect. We did not find out until the end that it was†¦show more content†¦This sort of â€Å"division† of the groups led to an in-group and out-group bias with altered group cohesion. The red group may have seen us [yellow group] as weak and green dominant after the green group made a large arrest my group and mad e it appear as though we were essentially irrelevant. It is actually funny that this happened, and also displayed fundamental attribution error of our group, because just before the arrest we were talking about arresting one of the other groups and thinking it would be so great and then when it actually happened to us we became sour, offended, and sought revenge against the green group. Another psychological aspect that was substantially present within the simulation was the social exchange theory. This theory essentially epitomized our SIMSOC in that most social consequences and standings came about through negotiations and dealings between our groups. Virtually every exchange between groups that I witnessed involved a cost-benefit analysis from both parties as they also compared alternatives to seek the most beneficial outcome. This posed the question of â€Å"what is fair?† and again brought up the norm of reciprocity from the groups receiving propositions from others . The experience of SIMSOC allows the participants get a taste of a real society and see how social factors can so easily influence our actions and motives.

Essay about The Importance of Aggression in Animal Existence

The Importance of Aggression in Animal Existence Aggression is a critical part of animal existence, which is an inherent driving force to humans, as we, too, are animals. The source of aggression within humans is a long summative list, but before trying to understand its source one must apply a working definition of aggression. Aggressive behavior is defined by Encyclopedia Britannica as any action of an animal that serves to injure an opponent or prey animal or to cause an opponent to retreat. (7) David G. Myers states that aggression is any physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt or destroy.(9) There are many types of aggressive behaviors, which can be differentiated from the factual act to the hidden motives. For example, an†¦show more content†¦2. The behavior is taking place within an interpersonal situation which is characterized by an accumulated distress or a opposition. 3. The aggressor intends by the behavior in question to gain a greater advantage than the person on the other side of the aggression. 4. The aggressor carrying out the behavior has either provoked the situation or moved the conflict unto a higher degree of strength.(11) Aggression has numerous reasons and consequences both must be analyzed in order to see from whence it arises. An explicit example of the strength of both nature and nurture concerning aggression is the life of Kody Scott, a young gang member of California. He was already a gang member in middle school, and would not have been had the gang not already been in place when he graduated from elementary school – thus environment’s role in aggressive behavior, but one fateful day when he stole a car to get to the hospital for the birth of his first child, he intentionally detoured through the neighborhood of a rival gang and killed a rival gang member. The detour he deliberately took was a conscious decision and not provoked by the environment – hence nature’s toll on his aggressive act.(3) Aggression is usually associated with negative aspects of the world.(3) This is not necessarily true, though. Negativity is but half of the nature of aggression. Aggression can have very positive results. For example, a non-aggressive hockey player gets thrown around and willShow MoreRelatedAre Humans by Nature Aggressive? Essays1481 Words   |  6 Pagesearly twentieth century, aggression is the primary concern of the XXI century. Aggression has been studied a lot especially in terms of social significance. Most contradictory discussions about human aggression were focused on the innate-acquired main report. Some theories emphasize that aggression is fixed within our genetic code, while others sustain that factors such as education, environment, life experiences leave a mark on our behaviour, sometimes leading to aggression. Anderson and BushmanRead MoreAggression Is A Common Term And A Key Concept1766 Words   |  8 Pagesâ€Å"Aggression† is a common term and a key concept when it comes to the study of human behaviour. Aggression is different from anger. It is with no doubt that everyone will have experienced anger at some point in their lifetime and this anger may have been channelled into various forms including violence. The level of violence is variable and can even at times lead to murder. There is a close relationship between aggression and anger; however aggression is different from anger. It can be describedRead MoreUnderstanding The Dynamics Of Emotion, Compassion, Cognition,1119 Words   |  5 Pagesemotion, compassion, cognition, morality, culture, character, aggression and violence, will reveal the motivations for all character types, their role in stories, and overall their contributions to forwarding the storytellers message. But to understand these dynamics, they must be explored through the lense of objectivity, pragmatism, and an evolutionary perspective that explains the purpose of emotion in its entirety, and the importance of the emotion of love to the development of character and personalityRead MoreViktor Frankl Vs. Sigmund Freud1409 Words   |  6 Pagessignificant†© psychological†© philosophers†© of†© our time. They, have†© formed†© powerful†© perceptions†© concerning†© the†© role†© of†© culture, humanity, and†© the†© healing†© method. Even though†© Frankl†© and†© Freud†©jointly†© experienced†© misery†© within†© their†© own†© existences†© and†© equally†© observed†© dramatic†© socio†political†© alterations†© within†© the†© premature†© twentieth†© century, they eventually came to adopt completely different psychological concepts. Sigmund†©Freud†©was†©born†©into†©a†©modest†© Jewish†© family in 1856Read More The Unwritten History of Cave Paintings Essay1613 Words   |  7 Pages(Cave Painting). 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Their importances mainly appear when psychologists deal with their patients because they will surely think about these two terms. To understand these two terms we must know their definitions. This step can enable us to recognize the difference between them. Consciousness is a psychological condition defined by the English philosopherRead MoreAre Humans Naturally Violent?3857 Words   |  16 Pagesand while working a steel pole shot through his head taking out a large portion of his frontal lobe, while Gage survived his behaviour was extremely different. Hypothetically speaking if the specific part of the brain which controlled violence or aggression (the amygdala) then someone could become extremely violent even though it was not previously part of their nature. If the biological explanation is correct then it would prove that violence is indeed a part of our nature and not simply a reactionRead MoreDid humans cause the mass extinction of megafauna during the Late Pleistocene period?1601 Words   |  7 PagesImportance of question for archeological research: Introduction Its hard to say that humans havent had an impact on their environment. Climate change, for example, has been a hot issue in the developed world ever since evidence proving the existence of human-caused global warming was unleashed leading to an onslaught of theories regarding its potential effect on our future. But what impact did humans have thousands of years ago when they were first colonizing North America? The question

Water Purification In The Coming Decades Environmental Sciences Essay Free Essays

This article was written by six academicians related to a work for The Center of Advanced Materials for the Purification of Water with Systems ( NSF STC WaterCAMPWS, University of Illinois, USA ) . They are working for assorted sections which are suited for this research at different universities. The WaterCAMPWS plants for new engineerings for H2O intervention. We will write a custom essay sample on Water Purification In The Coming Decades Environmental Sciences Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now ( 1 ) This article focuses on recent engineering for disinfection, decontamination, re-use and desalinization methods to better H2O quality. It describes the importance of H2O and H2O jobs, moreover it gives information about the H2O intervention systems utilizing today and will be used in the hereafter. It besides makes comparings to place the advantages and the disadvantages of H2O intervention systems. It is suited for anyone who wants to be informed about H2O purification techniques. A individual who has the proficient substructure about H2O and H2O intervention can understand more easy this article. While reading sometimes troubles may be encountered to understand this article but in general linguistic communication of the article was clear. At the first portion of the article writers mention the importance of the H2O, pollutants H2O job and new H2O intervention engineerings. Water job is explained clearly by utilizing singular Numberss but they do non give the day of the month and beginnings about Numberss. In add-on to the state of affairs at the article, developed and developing states are provided the illustrations of the H2O state of affairss to do the H2O job more apprehensible. Water is needed for populating beings to last and there is life on the Earth thanks to H2O. ( 2 ) Harmonizing to the World Health Organisation ( WHO ) H2O may incorporate bacteriums, suspended atoms, parasites, viruses, organic chemicals, heavy metals and dissolvers above the allowed sum for illustration, Escherichia coli and arsenic degree bound is should be less than 10 A ; Icirc ; ?g/l ( WHO report, 2008 ) ( 2-3 ) The riddance of unwanted stuffs, chemicals, contaminations, drosss, microorganism is called H2O purification which is a cleansing procedure. ( 4 ) Clean H2O demand is lifting twenty-four hours by twenty-four hours because of increasing in population, H2O deficit and users competition. ( 5 ) If people accessed clean drinkable H2O easy, it would be a wholly positive consequence on wellness. Unfortunately, WHO report in 2007 shows that 1.1 billion people can non make the clean H2O and 1.8 million people die desiccation from diarrheal because of safe H2O job each twelvemont h. Hearth jobs, encephalon stokes, HIV/AIDS, acute respiratory diseases, chronic lung diseases are some wellness jobs which are caused by diarrheal. ( 3 ) The recent H2O intervention activities are non safe, sustainable and sufficient plenty but they can be develop such as energy efficient systems, renewable purification. ( 2 ) New coevals H2O intervention systems, which are based on such as disinfection, flocculation, deposit and decontamination engineerings, should be developed to take bacterial, viral and parasitic pathogens more efficaciously. ( 9 ) At the beginning of 4000 B.C. people tried to do imbibing H2O better in gustatory sensation and odor. Some intervention methods were developed such as sand filtration, disinfection by sunshine and boiling after 1500 B.C. ( 9 ) At 1600 A ; acirc ; ˆâ„ ¢s desalinization experiments began and around 1800 A ; acirc ; ˆâ„ ¢s the first H2O purification works was built in Scotland. During the twentieth century, people focused on imbibing H2O quality particularly taking the pathogens. In 1914 The U.S. Public Health Service prepared criterions about imbibing H2O and which were revised by the Public Health Service in 1925, 1946 and 1962. ( 9-3 ) Disinfection is the procedure of the deactivating or destroying of infective micro-organisms present in H2O. ( 10 ) In the paper, extended information about disinfection methods and the comparing between germicides were written. Writers give information about how the disinfection processes can command the viruses but I think this is unneeded item about the topic. Using sunshine ( solar ) was the first application of disinfection. ( 10 ) The most common disinfection methods are free Cl and Cl related chemicals because of cost and easy handiness, they eliminate the life stuffs by oxidization of cell wall compounds. Free Cl ( Cl2 ) is so effectual method but Cl is a really unsafe chemical and it produces toxic disinfection byproduct DBPs for illustration trihalomethanes. ( 11 ) The method of utilizing solid Ca hypochlorite ( Ca ( ClO ) 2.4H2O – 65 % Cl ) as a germicide has a batch of restrictions such as corrosion and gustatory sensation jobs. Another germicide is sodium hypochlo rite ( NaClO ) solution ( 5-15 % Cl ) which can non be stored easy. ( 11 ) Viruss, barm, spores, bacteriums, and casts can be killed by ozone disinfection method. Ozonation method is more effectual than Cl method and it does non bring forth any danger byproducts. ( 10 ) There are some disadvantages of this method for illustration, it is non easy engineering, low doses are non plenty to kill pathogens and it is dearly-won. ( 11 ) Ultraviolet visible radiation ( UV ) can be used for demobilizing pathogens by photochemical reactions in the RNA and DNA which is the consequence of light soaking up. ( 10 ) It is efficaciously and for this method the contact clip is short, there are non toxic or non-toxic byproducts but it can non utilize H2O which includes suspended stuff. The new method is use Cl with UV and ozone which is really effectual method to extinguish bacteriums, protozoa cysts and some critical pathogens. The solar photocatalysis disinfection which means violent death of pathog ens by utilizing the photocatalysis of TiO2 is the future method for H2O disinfection. ( 12 ) The usage of nanoscale scientific discipline in the H2O intervention systems, which includes nanocatalysts, nanostructure membranes, bioactive nanoparticles, nanoparticles filtration, nanosorbants, is the futuristic disinfection method. Nanoparticles which have big surface countries will be the best stuffs for H2O purification systems in the close term. Today, the major challenges of nanomaterials are the integrating of H2O purification procedure, cost effectual and design jobs. ( 5 ) In the article another method is described called, the H2O decontamination which is the procedure of extinguishing the harmful substances ( chemicals, beings, heavy metals, radioactive stuffs ) from the H2O. In this subdivision of article, writers try to explicate some jobs about mensurating and sensing of compounds concentrations, modeling, and redress schemes. Rearward osmosis, man-made rosins, activated C, sand filtration are the some methods to take contaminations from the H2O. ( 13 ) The best intervention method which supplies the most purified H2O is non clear. The finding of contaminant type and concentration are every bit of import as the decontamination engineering. The advanced research lab engineering is necessary for mensurating of low concentration of toxic compound for illustration Hydride Generation Atomic Absorption Spectrophometery and UV-Spectrophometry can be used to analyze arsenic. ( 13 ) Chromatography and mass spectrometry which have the drawbacks such as cost, sensitiveness and efficient ; are the old but the most common engineerings. Catalytic Deoxyribonucleic acid is the recent system for proving heavy metals in the H2O and the traditional methods for this are X-Ray Fluorescence, some chemical trials and Inductively Coupled Plasma. ( 13 ) The biosensoring engineering is defined as the usage nanoscale or microscale biological detectors to observe contaminations with high sensitiveness. The technological development about biosensors is necessary to find the toxicity of H2O intervention procedure. ( 14 ) Highly treated H2O can be called rescued H2O which is the low cost option of drinkable H2O. If we consider the sum of consumed H2O per twenty-four hours, remained H2O on the Earth and the growing of population, the reuse of rescued H2O is perfectly necessary. Some of the utilizations of rescued H2O are irrigation, industrial activities and groundwater recharge. ( 15 ) Since historical times wastewater has been used but it became attractive two or three decennaries ago. ( 16 ) There are several methods for rescued H2O, such as chlorination, filtration and biological systems which have been used since early 1800s. ( 15 ) Authors give information about some recent methods such as membrane bioreactors and filtration. For the biological intervention ultrafiltration and microfiltration engineerings have been understood to supply high quality purified H2O. ( 17 ) Today activated sludge procedure, which is another biological intervention method, are designed for high public presentation. ( 1 8 ) The membrane bioreactor ( MBR ) method is comparatively new intervention engineering which is based on liquid-solid separation and its applications are going acceptable twenty-four hours by twenty-four hours for little graduated table with high quality of H2O. ( 17-18 ) Membrane bioreactor procedure has some advantages compared to the activated sludge procedure such as more compact reactor, smaller footmark for high concentration, higher assorted spirits suspended solids concentration ( for MBR procedure mean concentration 8-12 g/l ) . The most of import drawback of MBR method is some footings such as flow issues should be developed. ( 18 ) The cleansing of membrane and dynamic effects such as aeration loss, saline invasion and backflush loss are the two parametric quantities which affects the public presentation of MBR engineering. The betterments about stuff features, lasting fouling, cost and membrane cleansing procedure should be done for this procedure. The mean one-year gr owing rate 10.9 % is estimated for the planetary MBR market. ( 19 ) Reverse osmosis ( RO ) is a liquid membrane method which removes dissolved stuffs. The combination of MBR and RO is extremely efficient which provides 67 % H2O recycling at the lowest cost. ( 20 ) Desalination is a method that separates the salt from H2O. The oldest procedure to take salt from H2O is boiling. Thermal distillment method and natural the hydrologic rhythm work same manner and in the early 1900s, membrane system was developed. There are three types of thermic methods viz. ; multi-stage flash distillment, multi-effect distillment and vapour compaction distillment. ( 21 ) The advantages of desalinization by distillment are low operating and care cost, minimum environmental consequence and the extremely purified H2O production, the disadvantages are high degree cognition and big capacity workss. ( 22 ) Electrodialysis, Electrodialysis reversal and change by reversal osmosis are the three chief membrane procedures for desalinization. ( 21 ) Simple systematic construction, taking organic and inorganic contaminations and high production/capacity ratio are the advantages on the other manus the necessity of pre-treatment measure, the trouble of cleaning membrane and decre asing in flow rate are the drawbacks of membrane procedures. ( 22 ) Entire figure of desalinization works is about 1400 ( 80 % Membrane desalinization, 20 % Thermal desalinization ) . Rearward osmosis desalinization procedure includes four parts ; pre-treatment, hard-hitting pumps, membrane systems and post-treatment. ( 21 ) Hybrid desalinization method can be defined as the comparing of thermic and membrane desalinization procedure which generates power. The advantages of this procedure are utilizing less energy, low cost of building and high works efficiency. Nowadays the RO and simple intercrossed multistage flash constellation are really popular. The advantages of incorporate systems are good thermic efficiency and high quality purified H2O. ( 23 ) The Low-cost Desalination Collaboration procedure is freshly design of rearward osmosis procedure which demonstrates the H2O with a good design. ( 21 ) Carbon nanotubes have the specific electrical, chemical and mechanical characteris tics. In the hereafter, nanotubes will let us to desalt cheaply but there are some challenges, we have to confront about this method like capital cost and hard mechanism. Carbon nanotubes, Biomimetic membranes and forward osmosis are following coevals systems for desalinization. ( 8-21 ) In this subdivision of the article the figure about contrary osmosis and activate desalinization ( figure 5 ) makes apprehensible the procedures. The information in the book related to entropy and energy computation is the high-ranking information about the topic. This article contains extended cognition about the H2O intervention systems. Writers clearly conclude solutions of H2O intervention systems. I have some cognition about H2O purification before fixing this study but while composing I learned tonss of information about new H2O intervention techniques from article and mentions. This research was made in 2008, it is a technological topic because of this when research is carried out is really of import. Some current H2O intervention techniques need intensive energy and chemicals. We should better the non lone H2O intervention systems but besides monitoring, mensurating, patterning and direction systems to present safe and clean H2O to everybody. As a consequence, we need new, sustainable, environmental and cheap purification methods. Science and engineering for H2O purification in the coming decennaries by M.A. Shannon, P.W. Bohn, M. Elimelech, J.G. Giorgiadis, B.J. Marinas, A.M. Hayes, Nature 452 ( 2008 ) 301-310 A ; Atilde ;  ¶ How to cite Water Purification In The Coming Decades Environmental Sciences Essay, Essay examples

Praying area Essay Example

Praying area Essay Almost every other country in the world has a minority that follows Islam. As a relatively high percentage of Muslims regularly practice their religious duties, including prayers, there are always needs to design, build, and maintain mosques in various parts of the world. (Mozart, 2003, p. 2). Mozart (2003, p. 2) claimed that most of mosque design references, however, focus solely on the design of the praying space of the mosque. They typically ignore the supporting spaces for the mosque. These supporting spaces can be required, such as the toilets and ablution spaces or optional such as a room for body washing for the dead, a library, or a classroom. Within the category of required spaces, toilet design is very much standard and the requirements are well- known to most designers. On the other hand, the ablution spaces are much more challenging in their design because they are needed for a function that many designers may not be familiar with. As an expected result of such a design environment, there are some well-designed ablution spaces, but there are many more badly designed ones. We will write a custom essay sample on Praying area specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Praying area specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Praying area specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The bad designs not only cause discomfort in using the space, but can also constitute a safety hazard (Hilliards et al. , 1999). Before defining the possible relationships between the praying area and the ablution area, it is important in designing the circulation and access to mosques and praying areas to define what is design-wise known as the clean zone. This definition aims at keeping the praying space free of organic traces, bad smells, and other things that either render the praying space unsuitable for the function or annoy those who are praying or sitting in the praying space. It is important in the design to visually define a line after which people should not be putting on their shoes as these shoes might carry traces of road dirt. (Mozart, 2003, p. 5). Users who are not in ablution state can still go inside the clean zone. No religious rule prevents that. As users who perform ablution need as well to take off their shoes so they can wash their feet, the relationship between the defined clean zone and ablution area is important for designers to consider. (Mozart, 2003, p. ) The relationship between the access to the ablution space and the access to the praying space is very important in defining the comfort and safety level for ablution space users. Conceptually, the access to the ablution space can be either from outside or from inside the clean zone. The access from inside the clean zone can be either directly from the praying area or through a corridor or other types of links. (Mozart, 2003, p. 7). 1. 1. 1 Defining Wood or ablution According to Outwar d ( 2009, p. 1) wood or ablution is the action and wood is the water used for it. It is also a verbal noun, and both may also refer to the used. Wood in the Syria or Islamic law is the use of clean and cleansing water upon certain body parts.

Alexander the Great essays

Alexander the Great essays One of the greatest military geniuses of all time: Alexander the Great was born in Pella. He was king of the Macedonians and son of Philip II. He conquered the Persian Empire, which stretched from the Mediterranean Sea to India and constituted much of what was then regarded the civilized world. Alexander's conquests spread Greek ideas and customs in western Asia and Egypt. Hence, he made possible the Hellenistic Age. The ancient world experienced a turning point in its history that would be felt throughout Asia and the Mediterranean region. Alexander's character and skills brought about a new political, social, and cultural order. Alexander was a great war strategist. When he was 16, Philip went away on a military campaign and left him in charge of his kingdom; this was Alexander's first experience of power. While Philip was away, Alexander crushed a rebellion in northern Macedonia. Alexander became the student of the great philosopher Aristotle, who taught him about literature, philosophy, and politics, and he also received training in sports, physical fitness, and warfare. When he became king, he had to pass through many barriers to get to the magnitude of his powers and kingdom. At the time of Philip's death, the empire was in disorder and he had enemies at home and abroad. He became the Captain-General of the campaign in Persia as well as becoming the Captain-General of the League of Corinth. Alexander had men from all of his provinces in his army which would have caught on to the Greek customs. He had his soldiers marry non-Greek women to create offspring that would be partly Greek. Alexander was an expert at organizing his units for complex battle tactics. Unlike usual leaders, he joined his men in battle sometimes leading them to instill confidence. Alexander's position as a military leader changed throughout his conquests. He began as a crusader, trying to get revenge for the de ...

Tips on Presenting a Thesis Proposal

Tips on Presenting a Thesis Proposal Tips on Presenting a Thesis Proposal Presenting a thesis proposal can be challenging for anyone. If you have no experience with this sort of writing or doubt your writing skills, it can be much more stressful. Before writing a thesis, outline your plan. Without a proper proposal, you might get stuck. Here are a few suggestions to help with your approach: Introduce your idea The purpose of a thesis proposal is to introduce your idea to the professor. Discuss: Which information and ideas upon which you plan to base your thesis Why this topic is important to you How this effort fits with your academic curriculum, degree, and future pursuits Use the right information A thesis requires a large amount effort, research, and writing. Dedicate yourself to finding credible resources. Reliable information will also support your thesis proposal; you’ll have to take the same approach when creating the actual thesis document. Paint a picture Provide an outline for what you plan to accomplish. You don’t need to know everything right now. In fact, it’s possible new information will come to light that will change or influence what you write. However, it’s essential to have enough knowledge about your topic to draw a few potential conclusions at the beginning. If you’re stymied by the idea of a thesis proposal, there’s help available. and our tutors can help right now, and continue to assist after your proposal is approved and you continue with the academic writing of a thesis.

Business Idea Evaluation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Business Idea Evaluation - Essay Example The article also brings to light the strategic benefit of aligning the innovation strategy with the ecosystem and what a successful innovation evaluation model should seek to measure. Innovation is the key to business success. In order that it reigns supreme and contributes to increasing profitability it must be managed carefully. Organizations must create and sustain a creativity supporting culture through routines, rituals as well, control systems, symbols and systems. Organizations endeavour to instil some form of entrepreneurial spirit amongst their employees [15]. Ever since the discipline of management came into being, various models and criteria have been established to evaluate business ideas and propositions. In theory, these criteria should be able to assess the idea on many different dimensions. These include; "market opportunity, competition, the marketing system, financial factors and production factors." [1] Innovation is not just the domain of R& D. It exists everywhere, at all levels and all areas of the organization. However, not many companies know how to learn from this innovation and use it to improve the overall effectiveness of the organization. Also, "Starting a business is easy. Deciding on what business to engage in is the difficult part. There are literally hundreds of ideas you might think of that could bring in extra income. How do you know which of these business ideas will bring you success" A business idea is the 1st step in setting up a business. It's the beginning of the business development process. Since the concept behind a business is to make money, a business idea should be something people will be willing to buy, hence it should satisfy the value proposition. This is the unique value that a product has that a product brings to its customers. Business ideas usually start on a broad scope. These are then narrowed down keeping market conditions, customer requirements and business resources in mind.[21] Business models have been set out to assess the viability of a new idea. These are usually focused on a certain aspect of the innovation. In practice, a host of models are put to use for a comprehensive evaluation. While certain approaches are centred around the financial feasibility of the new venture such as Return on Investment and Net Present Value, others are more qualitative in nature. However, all of them have certain drawbacks and specific advantages. There is no best approach for any idea and many ideas must be evaluated keeping in mind variables such as type of industry, type of product, type of market etc. The Buyer Utility Map The Buyer Utility Map is a comprehensive tool used to evaluate the utility of a business idea for the target consumer. It focuses on the six stages of buyer experiences; purchase, delivery, use, supplements, maintenance and disposal. These are matched with the six utility levers which include

CIPD Level 5 Assessment - 5MDN Meeting Organisational Development Assignment

CIPD Level 5 Assessment - 5MDN Meeting Organisational Development Needs - Assignment Example CIPD Level 5 Assessment - 5MDN Meeting Organisational Development Needs Two learning interventions will be chosen for this study, beneficial for accomplishing set goals or objectives. Justification of methods would be provided along with reasons for eradicating other alternatives. Learning intervention design shall also be incorporated in the study that could effectively meet learning and development needs. Learning and development needs are an important component which helps in improving overall organizational performance. Tesco Plc is a multinational general merchandize and grocery retailer having its headquarters in United Kingdom. On the basis of revenue margins, the firm is the second largest retailer across the globe. Tesco has about 6784 retail stores and has an employee base of approximately 500,000. There are some business subsidiaries of Tesco Plc such as Tesco Stores, Tesco Bank, Tesco Mobile, Dobbies Garden Centers, Tesco Ireland, Dunnhumby and Giraffe restaurants. The company has diversified into wide array of geographical regions. Learning and development strategy is adopted by the company and is inclined towards enhancing knowledge base and skills of employees. Training sessions are organized for employees in specific time interval. Employee retention policies are based on career development approach, performance based pay and encouraging team members to contribute their innovative ideas. Performance management policy forms an essential part of organizational functions.

Hadith Is What Prophet Muhammad Said Religion Essay

Hadith Is What Prophet Muhammad Said Religion Essay Chapter 3 Hadith is what Prophet Muhammad Sallallahu alaihi wa Sallam said. Sunnah is what Prophet Muhammad Sallallahu alaihi wa Sallam said, did, and approved of. When we read Hadith we learn about his sunnah. We want to learn about his Hadith because we want to follow what he did and what he approved of, in detail. This is all related to Islam and its about religion people from all the world wants to learn and to know more about Islam, hadith what is going to help learning the ethics of Islam, hadith has mentioned in Quran its referring to wisdom and who ever bring to us the hadith such as Muslim and bukhari are sure hundred percent this is what came in Quran about hadith: For Allah has sent down to you the Book and the Wisdom and taught you what you knew not (before): and great is the Grace of Allah upon you. Moreover God asked us to obtain him and to fallow what prophet mohammed has told us or to do what he has did in specific stations and those are some examples: You have indeed in the Messenger of Allah a beautiful example (of conduct) for anyone whose hope is in Allah and the final Day and remembers Allah much. Say: If you do love Allah, then follow me: Allah will love you and forgive you your sins, and Allah is Forgiving Merciful. O people! The Messenger has come to you with the truth from your Lord. Therefore believe, (it is) better for you. And if you disbelieve, still, lo! to Allah belongs whatsoever is in the heavens and the earth. And Allah is ever Knower, Wise. O you who believe! Obey Allah, and obey the Messenger and those of you who are in authority, then if you have a dispute concerning any matter, refer it to Allah and the Messenger if you are (in truth) believers in Allah and the Last Day. That is better and very good in the end. Whoso obeys the Messenger, indeed obeys Allah and whoso turns away: we have not sent you as a warder over them. O you who believe! Obey Allah and His Messenger, and turn not away from him when you hear ( him speak). O you who believe! Be not unfaithful to Allah and the Messenger, nor knowingly betray your trusts. O you who believe! Obey Allah and obey the Messenger and render not your deeds useless. And whatsoever the Messenger gives you, take it. And whatsoever he forbids, abstain (from it). And fear Allah. Lo! Allah is severe in retributing (evil) For this reason the Quran is the first source of Muslim law and Hadith is the second source of Muslim law. Whatever Prophet Muhammad Sallallahu alaihi wa Sallam said, did or approved of was narrated by his family members and companions as Hadith. The man who narrated the most number of Hadith of Prophet Muhammad Sallallahu alaihi wa Sallam was Hadrat Abu Huraira Rady Allahu Anhu, and the lady who narrated the most Hadith of Prophet Muhammad Sallallahu alaihi wa Sallam was Sayyidatina Aisha Rady Allahu Anha. (web site 9) 3.2 Books There are six major books of Hadith. These books are: Sahih Bukhari by Imam Bukhari (194 A.H.-256 A.H.) containing 7275 Hadith, Sahih Muslim by Imam Muslim (206 A.H.-261 A.H.) containing 4000 Hadith, Jami by Imam Tirmizi (209 A.H-279 A.H.) containing 1600 Hadith, Sunan by Imam Abu Dawud (202 A.H.-275 A.H.) containing 4800 Hadith, Sunan by Imam Ibnu Maja (passed away 283 A.H.), and finally Sunan by Imam An-Nasaai (215 A.H.-303 A.H.). Some of the things that you learn from Hadith are that to say that God is one and prophet mohammed is who brought the Islam and that called shhada and is the key to Paradise, how to say our prayer, what is zakah which means give the poor people a percentage from our money every year and how much to give in zakah, the importance of fasting in the month of Ramadan, and how to perform Hajj. We also learn about Arkanal Iman or the pillars of faith, and how to be good Muslims by practicing Ihsan (goodness). We learn about the things that are prohibited in Islam such as stealing, cheating, lying, back-biting, fraud, alcohol and pork. The other thing that we learn from Hadith is what to do or recite on specific occasions for example: when giving in charity, say Fisabilillah. Those are the most trusted book that we can refer to when we want to learn hadith or when we want to know what is the low that we can follow in our lives and how to deal or treat people. Finally, Prophet Muhammad Sallallahu alaihi wa Sallam believed that Allah is dearer to him than everything on which the sun rises. (Muslim) Prophet Muhammad Sallallahu alaihi wa Sallam used to say, Glory to be to Allah; Praise be to Allah; there is no one worthy of worship but Allah; and Allah in most Great, is dearer to me than everything on which the sun rises. (Muslim) Prophet Muhammad Sallallahu alaihi wa Sallam said if anyone says this 100 times a day, his sins will be removed from him. (Muslim) Prophet Muhammad Sallallahu alaihi wa Sallam taught us that there is no might and no power other than Allah. Hadith is a very important aspect of being a Muslim because it develops love for Allah Subhanahu wa Taala and for Prophet Muhammad Sallallahu alaihi wa Sallam. Following the sayings of Prophet Muhammad Sallallahu alaihi wa Sallam makes you follow the right path.(web site 10) 3.3. Alrwah Alrwah are the people to bring to us the hadith from years back where prophet mohammed where living alrwah is the most honest people, this processes done by one of the rwah told that prophet mohammed told someone what he is tilling right now and the final six rwah who wrote what they know in a books that will last forever and be used all over the world (website 11), and those rwah are listed below: Muslim Bukhari Imam tirmzi Imam abu dawood Ibn majed An-Nasaai 3.4. Our module Ontological modeling in information technologies has undergone considerable evolution. Models and languages used for ontology construction and reasoning can be classified. Our module will be about prophet mohammed says and the rwah by which we get the specific hadith and this are the components that we used in our model. 3.5. Our Ontology Components Regardless of where and when an ontology is used or created, most share the same structural similarities, regardless of the language or object. Common components include: Individuals Instances, or the basic ground level component of an ontology. It may include concrete objects, such as animals, people, tables, automobiles, etc, as well as abstract individuals such as numbers and words. Classes Concepts that are also called type, sort, category and kind that is defined as an extension abstract groups, sets, or collection objects or intension abstract objects that are defines by values of aspects. Some examples of classes may include: Person: class of all people or abstract object that can be described by the criteria of being a person. Vehicle: class of all vehicles or the abstract object that can described by the criteria for being a vehicle Attributes Objects in an ontology can be described by relating them to other things, typically aspects or parts. These related things are often called attributes, although they may be independent. Each attribute can be either a class or an individual and will determined the king of relation between them. Without attributes, they will not be considered as a true ontology. Relationships A relation is of a particular type or class that specifies in what sense the object if related to another object in the ontology. The set of relations in an ontology will describe the semantics of the domain. The classes of relations used will describe the language in which the ontology is expressed. Function terms Complex structures formed from certain relations that can be used in place of an individuals term in a statement Restrictions Formally stated descriptions of what must be true for us to know what should be accepted as input. Rules Statements in the form of if-then sentences to describe the logical interferences in an ontology. Events The changing of attributes or relations. we can classified our model to be Structural (object) models Several approaches are known to apply structural (object) data models to define ontologies. An approach for extensible ontological model construction in a mediation environment intended for heterogeneous information sources integration in various subject domains has been presented in [kalin]. A mediator ontological language (MOL) may depend on a subject domain and is to be defined at the mediator consolidation phase. On the other hand, for different information sources different ontological models (languages) can be used to define their own ontologies The proposed model extends the usual ontology models and has been implemented in a frame-based knowledge model inspired to OKBC. The extension concerns the explicit representation of additional information about the properties of the attributes used to describe a concept. The ontology model extension encompasses semantic information designed to characterise the behavior of properties in agents concept descriptions. The novelty of this extended knowledge model is that it explicitly represents the behaviour of attributes over time by describing the changes in a property that are permitted for members of the concept. It also explicitly represents the class membership mechanism by associating with each slot a qualitative quantifier representing how properties are inherited by subconcepts. Finally, the model does not only describe the prototypical properties holding for a concept but also the exceptional ones. (ref 5,6) 3.6. graph explanation (fig 2) root of the ontology for an explanation to this graph which is our model a thing is the beginning of any ontology, on our ontology a thing will refer to an Islamic famous people and alsnah alnboia which is contain prophet mohammed says, Islamic famous people will be alsahabh (prophet mohammed fiends), alrwah and prophet Mohamed himself. (fig 3) prophet mohammed class This will take us to prophet mohammed says which will contain his life for an example and anything referring van be added to modify the ontology in this can be done by any one. (Fig 4) branches of our ontology Moreover from the famous Islamic people the rwah will show the rwah name and we can add any thing related to alrwah under the name, and the names of alshaba will be the same and later we will explain the relation and how we will connect each class to others. Finally, for alsnh the says will come under this class and the says will be divided to hadith books name and all hadith related to this books, and those will be linked with what we talked about such as alrwah, alshabh, prophet mohammed etc.

Al-Qaeda In Iraq

Al-qaeda is an Arabic word also written as Al-qaida. It is a network of international alliance of Islamic militant group. Abdullah Yusuf Azzam who was later replaced by Osama bin Laden formed the organization in 1988. Other veteran Arabs from Afghanistan joined the leadership after the soviet war in Afghanistan. Al-qaeda network advances Islamic fundamentalism by carrying out attacks and disrupting western countries influences to the Islamic states. Al-qaeda finances and trains various radical Islamic groups that oppose western countries ideologies especially the United States of America and Britain.Al-qaeda groups or network have various operational bases in more than fifty countries in the world. Al-qaeda uses force, intimidation and instilling fear to attain their goals. They carry out acts of terrorism (an act or a threat against civilian life) aimed at attaining political, economical and religious goals. Al-qaeda aims at ending foreign influence in Islamic states by creating a n ew Islamic caliphate or authority. The Al-qaeda network is very active in countries like Afghanistan, Iraq, Pakistan and Saudi Arabia. History of al-qaedaAl-qaeda was founded in the late 1980’s as an alliance of Islamic militia group with an aim of expanding Islamic fundamentalism. Al-qaeda has it roots during the Afghanistan’s soviet occupations. Anti-Muslim afghan guerillas (mujahidin), the afghan government and soviet forces were involved in the conflict. The Soviet invasion sparked the afghan resistance. The Afghan government was supported by the USA, China and Saudi Arabia. Mujahidin came from the Middle East to Afghanistan to assist their fellow Muslims in the war. Osama bin laden was the main financier he started recruiting Muslims around the world to join the group.The recruited army in there thousands defeated the soviet forces making them withdrew from Afghanistan. Osama bin laden later founded an organization that could help veterans of Afghans war; this com prised the bases of Al-qaeda. (Biri A. 2001). Bin laden and other radical Islamic thinkers at that time had been organizing Al-qaeda in the Iraq invasion to Kuwait in 1990. The Saudi government had allowed the United States government to station a military base in Saudi Arabia. This was very outrageous to Laden and the radical group. Osama was later expelled from Saudi Arabia by opposing the government.Al- qaeda basis shifted from Saudi Arabia to Khartoum in Sudan, their first task against the interest of the United States of America was in Somalia where they attacked the U. S army during the Somalia crisis. Further attacks perpetrated by al-qaeda followed. In august 1996 bin laden issued a â€Å"declaration of war† against the U. S. A Al- qaeda and radical Islamic group had worked together to alliance in their acts of terrorism against western influence on Islamic interests. Osama shifted his base from Sudan to Afghanistan in 1994 after the U. S had put pressure on the Khart oum government to expel him.Osama joined the Talibans in Saudi Arabia where al-qaeda established military bases in mountains. In Iraq the main objective of the Al-qaeda organization is the governing of Iraq. After president Sadaam Hussein was brought down from power by the U. S. A who sent thousands of troops to help in putting in place the government in Iraq. Al-qaeda was against the US invasion of Iraq. According to the U. S government, Al- qaeda wanted to be seen as a legitimate political organization in Iraq. Al-qaeda in Iraq is composed of both Sunni Iraq members plus other foreign members who wage jihad or holy war.This group was formed in 2004, but it is not clear, who founded it in Iraq between Bin Laden and Nusab Al Zarqawi. The group had been a force behind the violence and civil war between the Shiites and Sunnis. They accuse the US government of murdering innocent civilians in their â€Å"war on terror†. The Al-Qaeda has been behind many attacks in Iraq against th e U. S government interests. Insurgency in Iraq is still continuing up to now. Members of the group had shifted to other bases where they mastermind suicide bomb attacks. Other military organizations had joined Al-Qaeda in Iraq in their activities.Abu Musab al-zarqawi from Jordan had affiliated with Al-qaeda in Iraq. He joined the Al-qaeda in Iraq and threatened the U. S government over its interest in Iraq. The group had killed many U. S army personnel and they are believed to have killed ordinary Iraq civilians. The group continues to instigate violence in Iraq despite the U. S government efforts on war on terror by president Bush administration. Al-qaeda is against the U. S invasion of Iraq. Members of the terrorist group had carried out many suicide attacks, kidnapping and even shooting their perceived enemy. The leadership of al-qaedaThe leadership of Al-qaeda in Iraq, according to some sources from Jihad’s was put under Abu Ayyub Al Masri in 2006. This is following the death of its former leader Musab Al Zarqawi. Al Masri is considered as lacking good military organization that he relies on his intellectual abilities (Hajez M. 2007 p. 136-147). Al-qaeda in Iraq is composed of both Sunni Iraq members and the jihads (foreigners who came to aid in Jihad war). Osama bin Laden is the top active leader of the Al-qaeda group. The leadership coordinates with others groups; Al-qaeda group of jihad in Iraq, Al-qaeda in land of the two rivers plus others.Through the official statement of the U. S government, Abu Musab Al Zarqawi forms the top leadership responsible for the insurgency in Iraq. It is believed that the leadership organizes and masterminds attacks on civilians and U. S troops. It is also believed that the leadership of Al-Qaeda in Iraq composes other foreign terrorist and senior Al- Qaeda leadership. The U. S administration believes that Abu-Musab Al Zarqawi was not an Iraq even his successor Abu Ayyub Al Masri. The leadership of Al-queda is dec entralized.There is collaboration between Al-qaeda senior leaders and Al- qaeda leaders in Iraq. The leader’s role is to finance, command, advice, and make bombs including others roles in the group. The leadership also provides intelligent information’s and facilitates its operations. They have their former headquarter in Fallujah in Iraq. Various operations they have performed: The al qaeda has claimed responsibility of the chlorine bombings in Iraq in mosques. The group also is targeting wealth people by kidnapping and killing their family members when they fail to remit ‘protection’ fee.They are also inciting violence by causing hatred among the Shiites and Shia groups to cause civil war. What were the targets of the operations? Al-qaeda operates in Iraq but it is limited in the broad Middle East. They play actively in the Iraq insurgency. Their deputy leader, Ayman alzawahiri, in July 2005 through a letter indicated four plans in expanding the war in I raq. They were to expel US forces out of Iraq and an Islamic authority put in place. Other missions were to spread the Iraq conflict to their neighbors and fight with Israel.Al-qaeda in Iraq (AOQ) created an organization called mujahidee shura council in January 2006. This was to unite the Sunni insurgents in Iraq. However, this attempt failed due to the methods they used against civilians and their extreme fundamentalists doctrines. Alqaeda is the most feared organization; experts regard it as an enemy of the US. Al-qaeda is associated with terrorist’s activities in Iraq that targets international forces and civilians. The US government holds that they have an extended network to other parts of the world especially the Islamic states although there operations are based in Iraq.In 2005, Al-qaeda is believed to be responsible for about more than 1800 attacks in Mosul city in Iraq; they were aiming at Iraq forces and coalition government. They use bombs and other explosives in their suicide attacks. They mainly targeted Iraq security forces, Shiite militaries and the US troops. The group was responsible for the killing of 35 children and seven adults in Baghdad in September 2004. The bombs were directed at the US forces. In the same year on December 19, they had bombed a Shiite funeral procession killing about 60. Their attacks were aimed at Iraq security forces, civilians and the Iraq government.In 2005 they carried out and co-coordinated suicide attacks including the Sheraton Ishtar and Palestine hotel in Baghdad during the Iraq elections. (Napoleni L. 2005) They claimed responsibility of killing of Ihab Al-Sherif an Egyptian envoy to Iraq; they also killed many unemployed Shiite workers in Baghdad. They had abducted and executed American soldiers. In 2006, many of the top leadership were captured and killed by US army. They had carried on with their attack such as the 23rd March 2007, assassination attempts of the Iraq deputy Prime Minister Salam al-za ubai a Sunni.They had claimed responsibility of the Iraq parliament bombing in April 12 2007. The execution of the three US force soldiers in May the same year. Activities of Al –qaeda in Iraq, have received negative publicity due to attacks and intimidation against the civilian’s making it lack local support. The Sunni militias had abandoned them and joined the government and US forces. Many of their leaders have been captured and killed making their activities crippled. The Al-qaeda had been involved in other operations outside Iraq; in April 2004 they claimed responsibility of the chemical bomb plot in Jordan.They had also targeted Israel in December 2005 by firing rockets from Lebanon. They are also implicated with 2006 train bombing plot in Germany. What were the goals of the operations? Al-qaeda in Iraq had an aim of expelling all the U. S soldiers and their allied forces. In July2005, top Al-qaeda leadership had urged that the entire US soldier to withdraw from Iraq. They had threatened to carry military operations and executions; they perceive the US as the enemy who must leave the Islamic state. The group also had an aim in the governance of Iraq.The Al –qaeda in Iraq had wanted to form a political group that would be the legitimate political organization in Iraq. They had wanted to fight and overthrow the existing government. Al-qaeda aims to control key areas in the economic, political and religious sector in Baghdad. They want to portray that the Iraq government has failed to expel the US army, by discrediting the government they aims at removing people support. It aimed at initiating conflict between the Shia and Sunni Muslims. This would force the USA to take a neutral stand and depart from Iraq.This would enable them to establish their rule in Iraq. Al-qaida in Iraq wanted to spread propaganda through the media that, the coalition forces and the government of Iraq were attacking the Sunni Islam. They wanted the Sunnis to joi n their side, portraying themselves to defend rights of those who are oppressed. This would give them a positive image to the Sunni Islamic group. Part of their aim was to spread propaganda that the Iraq social-economic problems were the government responsibility. They regarded themselves as an organization that can free Iraq’s from their problems.(Hoofman B. 2004). It was also believed that operations of Al-qaeda in Iraq involved bringing foreign fighters and terrorist in order to kill innocent civilians to encourage hatred between Sunni and Shia Muslims. Abu Hamza Al-Muhajir an Al-qaeda leader in Iraq through his message said that they aimed at creating an Islamic state in Iraq. They were willing to die for God’s sake â€Å"there is no rule but that of Allah†. The attacking and killing of the Sunni by al-qaeda in Iraq was aimed to compel them to join their group and withdraw the support of the US forces.â€Å"Dedicate yourself to fighting the true enemy in or der to avoid opening up new fronts against the Sunni Arabs† (Abu Hamza al Muhajer), they attempted to portray the US as a common enemy. What were the ideologies of this group? Al-qaeda in Iraq was organized and carried its operation on basis of different ideologies. They had issued a manifesto calling for violence and destruction of American empire. They had vowed to continue with the insurgency and destroy America. Their ideologies were religiously based â€Å"we vow by the name of God and we are determined to destroy the American empire†.They believed that attacking the United States was a call from God. They believed that that who dies in their mission becomes a saint. Their leader Abu Musab al- zarqawi had justified their violent means through audio messages. Al-qaeda called for all Muslims to start attacking their enemies in Iraq and their associates. They believed that through Islam their faith, no harm would be inflicted on true Muslims. Shedding blood of a true Muslim would lead to destruction of the whole world. The attack against Americans and aides in Iraq was an order from God. It was a holy war or jihad to bring justice and glory in the world.They calls for those betraying them to repent, by collaborating with their enemy all they deserve is to have their neck cut. Al-qaeda through their documents, vows that insurgency will not end soon, they believe that Islam is the only true religion in the world. It is their duty to have Allah worshiped. The Al-qaeda beliefs that the US government wants to seek control of the region through the assistance of the Iraq government. It argues that those who oppose and fight the group are enemies of Islam. Their ideologies hold that the American government wanted to control the region to access oil wells.Osama bin laden through a video tape on December 29 2007, said that the Iraq government had â€Å"agreed to having large American bases on Iraq land and giving the Americans all the Iraq oil they may wish† Muslims perceive the war in Iraq widely as a war on Islam giving strength to al-qaeda’s ideology, Islamic sympathizers of the group are now trying to support the idea of universal holy war on western world and their allies. Al-qaeda sympathizers are justifying the acts of terrorism by using propaganda about the Iraq war. This is evidence in Madrid bombing in 2004 and London attacks in transport network to oppose the invasion of Iraq.Conclusion The Al-qaeda networks’ operating in all over the world seems to be well-organized coordinated and funded group. Al-qaeda in Iraq has escalated more violence in the country. The group has forged alliances with other front in order to work together against their perceived common enemy. According to them the enemy must be defeated by all mean, as it is the will of God. These militia groups have threatened peace in the world. They have claimed responsibility for various attacks in the world; the issue of terrorism in the world needs to look at carefully to avert more acts of death and hatred.The world should not draw too much conclusion about Al-qaeda and war in Iraq. This is to avert from having propaganda war, whose truth cannot be determined thus sparking more conflict. (US state report on terrorism) Work cited Biri Abdel, The secret History of Al-Qaeda, 1998. Bruce Hoffman, Insurgency and Countersurgency in Iraq, 2004. Hajez Mohammed; Suicide Bombers In Iraq: The strategy and Ideology of Martyrdom, 2007. Napoleni Lorreta; Insurgent Iraq: The Al-zarqawi and The New Generation, 2005. The United State Department Country Report on Terrorism, 2005.

THe Garden of Eden - 858 Words

Milton describes the garden of Eden with exceptionally detailed language and does an exquisite job of portraying his vision of paradise in his writing. Satan journeys to Earth and lands on Mount Niphates were he overlooks paradise. As he draws closer and observes the perfection of Eden, he is enraged by the obvious love for Adam and Eve, who were the reason behind God creating the garden. The perfection of the garden reveals of God’s favor for man and his benevolence for the tender human beings that he carefully created in His own image. Throughout Milton’s writing, he details of the luscious fruit, the magnificent the playful animals living in harmony. There are rolling hills and beautiful waters.The flowers are exotic and alluring. No†¦show more content†¦Everything in the garden is described in order to reveal of God’s greatness in creating such a perfect paradise for so lowly as a creation as man. Extra Credit: The wildness of Eden is a direct reflection of the free will that God gave Adam and Eve. He created them in perfection, just like He did the garden. All of creation is described beautiful and pure. Yet, all of the animals and vegetation are described as wild and untamed. Adam and Eve work throughout their day to arrange the vegetation and to care for the wild garden that grows freely. This freedom is a perfect example of the free will that is bestowed upon God’s creation. Although the all the living things are perfect and without blemish, they still have the ability to choose God or to not. Adam and Eve were given everything they could ever need. God gave them companionship, but sent his messenger to warn Adam of the consequences of choosing to worship Eve rather than God. Everything is perfect and pure, but also must be maintained with a balance. Too much of any good thing can become harmful. Milton paints a portrait of balance and harmony in the garden while also alluding to the freedom that all creation has been given. Question 3 Discuss both the renewed grounds for hope at the end of the epic—for Adam and Eve, their marriage, and their children—and consequences of their fall that will continue to plague them all. At the end of the epic, Michael showsShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Garden Of Eden978 Words   |  4 Pages The painting chosen to examine is The Garden of Eden by Francesco Solimena. This painting was created between 1725-30. The medium of the painting is oil on canvas. The scale, although not specified, appears to be about a couple feet high and a couple feet long. The general subject matter is Adam and Eve in the garden of Eden. It seems to be before they have discovered the forbidden fruit. The figures seem to be embracing everything the garden has to offer, they seem content and comfortable in theirRead MoreGarden Of Eden Analysis1620 Words   |  7 PagesThe story Garden of Eden introduces the first man and woman that God created. He put the two of them in a garden where they did not have to provide for themselves. God said everything that was in that garden they could use to their abilities except the tree of good and evil. Everything was perfect until Eve let the Devil bri be her into eating from the tree. Once God found out, he came to the garden looking for them. When they heard his voice they hid. Here is where the alienation comes in. God hadRead MoreSummary : The Garden Of Eden 902 Words   |  4 PagesFrancis ENGL 1301 29 September 2017 MARSHLANDS: IRAQ S GARDEN OF EDEN A marshland is a wetland that is dominated by herbs rather than wooden plants. It can be found at lakes and river streams. 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In contrast, Michelangelo shows egalitarianism by depicting both Adam and Eve being equally responsible. Adam and Eve are not interacting with each other but are both taking the forbidden fruit from the tree. By employing traditional Jewish imagery in his â€Å"Temptation and Expulsion of Adam and Eve†, Michelangelo promoted a revolutionary change to the relationshipRead MoreSummary Of The Garden Of Eden 1305 Words   |  6 Pagesin the Garden of Eden, man was in a state of emotional bliss, for all that God had created was very good and man was without sin. Adam and Eve were perfectly content, for they knew the joy of communion with God. When Adam and Eve sinned they became separated from the presence of God and spiritually dead. Their emotional life was seriously impaired, for they felt afraid, ashamed and guilty. Their relationship became stressful as Adam blamed his wife for their condition. Life outside Eden, banishedRead MoreAdam And Eve : The Garden Of Eden1743 Words   |  7 Pagestwo human beings to live in a Paradise on earth, called the Garden of Eden, although they had fell from that state it said to be in history that they began humanity, and the loss of innocence. In the story Adam and Eve were let to be living in the Garden of Eden, where God had created one of everything. He created many fruits and vegetables, animals, plants, and trees. It was first Adam’s job to take care and live in the Garden of Eden, till one day God saw that Adam was lonely so he took mattersRead MoreReview Of Genesis And The Garden Of Eden 1440 Words   |  6 PagesGod has an agreement with humans but they change throughout the Pentateuch. In â€Å"Genesis†, God forbids Adam and Eve to eat from the fruit trees in The Garden of Eden, but there comes a snake that deceives Eve into eating from the fruit on the tree. The serpent made it seem like God’s request was absurd by rewording what God said. The Garden of Eden is express to be a paradise in literature and art but it also symbolizes the loss of paradise. Happiness and peace will be difficult to find now becauseRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem The Garden Of Eden 1915 Words   |  8 PagesUpon entering the Garden of Eden, one will find a bountiful place where two naà ¯ve humans reside. Eden’s beauty surpasses the imaginable; it contains crystal rivers, friendly animals, and trees bearing wondrous fruit. Adam and Eve live under the care of God. Dwelling in this beautiful garden free from sin allows one to assume that Adam and Eve are created pure and good. However, free will prevents the pair from remaining sinless. Humans are not pure because of t heir ability to choose. Milton believes

A Career in Film Production Essay - 492 Words

My entire life I have been fascinated with film and commercials. As a kid, I would stop what I was doing to watch a commercial. This has not changed through the years. My goal in life is to work in the film industry and work with video. This may have developed from my brother’s short term love for the video arts. Like most little brothers I followed in his footsteps through a lot of things and most of them would not stick. As I grew older I developed my own different ideals and likes. But, video just stuck with me. Even if film production doesn’t work out I have always had a childlike excitement for fighting fires. Being the person to save the day is something that everybody wants to do, but not everyone peruses this dangerous career.†¦show more content†¦What is even crazier is that he had a very low GPA. In contrast to all this, a film degree will help immensely. It will let you work on better paying and more glamorous jobs. 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